Ateneo - UPO

Principles of infections and asepsis.
The operating room.
Wound healing.
Abdominal wall and retroperitoneum.
Surgical diseases of the esophagus and stomach
Surgical diseases of the small and large intestine Surgical diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract Surgical diseases of the pancreas
Surgical diseases of the thyroid and adrenal gland: Surgery of the spleen.
Bariatric surgery.
Acute abdomen

1) Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. Elsevier Science Health Science.
2) Chirurgia Generale, Minni. Casa editrice Ambrosiana.
3) Chirurgia Generale, De Toma, Bellantone, Montorsi. Edizioni Minerva Medica
4) Chirurgia. Basi teoriche e chirurgia generale e specialistica. Dionigi. Edizioni Edra.

Know in detail the general surgical pathophysiology of the main diseases. Know the methods of diagnosis and the bases of the therapy of diseases of general surgical interest. Know the basics of the approach to the patient with general surgical diseases in progress.

Students must have passed the pathological anatomy exam and have acquired basic notions of histology, anatomy, biochemistry, physiology and
radiology.

Frontal lessons. Classroom discussion on specific topics. Individual study on material uploaded to DIR.

NO

Oral examination. Learning is assessed by oral examination on the basis of the correctness of the contents of the answers provided to the student, the ability to logically display the contents, the properties of language and fluency of the presentation. Each candidate will be asked several questions that may relate to all the topics included in the didactic program with prevailing attention to the topics dealt with during the lectures. Verification of learning through the oral exam will propose a mark out of thirty which aims to ascertain the actual acquisition by of the student's expected learning outcomes. The exam is passed if the final grade is 18/30 or higher. Maximum marks with honors (30/30 with honors) will be awarded

Introduction to the course.
Infections in surgery; asepsis; the operating room; healing of surgical wounds.
Principles of preparation of the surgical patient; risk estimation; complications in surgery.
Abdominal wall and retroperitoneum.
Esophagus:
- Achalasia
- Esophageal diverticula
- Diaphragmatic hernias
- Atresia of the esophagus
- Gastroesophageal reflux
- Cancer of the esophagus
Stomach:
- Gastritis
- Peptic ulcer
- Stomach tumors
- Digestive bleeding
Small intestine, colon and rectum:
- Meckel's diverticulum
- Diverticulosis and colic diverticulitis
- Acute appendicitis
- IBD (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis)
- Primary megacolon (Hirschprung's disease)
- Colon tumors
- Anal fistulas
- Hemorrhoids and fissures
Liver, gallbladder and biliary tract:
- Portal hypertension
- Cirrhosis of the liver
- Pyogenic and amoebic abscesses
- Hepatic echinococcosis
- Benign liver tumors
- Hepatocarcinoma
- Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
- Liver metastases
- Post-operative liver failure
- Liver regeneration
- Jaundice
- Coleperitoneum
- Calculosis of the gallbladder
- Acute and chronic cholecystitis
- Cholangitis and choledocholithiasis
- Tumor of the gallbladder
- Hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma
Pancreas:
- Acute pancreatitis
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Benign and malignant tumors of the pancreas
Thyroid and adrenal gland:
- Plummer's adenoma
- Graves' disease

- Papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland - Medullary thyroid cancer
- Adrenal adenoma
- Conn syndrome
- Pheochromocytoma
- Cushing's syndrome
- Addison's syndrome Pathology of the spleen. Bariatric surgery.
Acute abdomen.

The expected learning outcomes are consistent with the general provisions found within the European Qualifications Framework (Dublin descriptors) as follows:
- Evaluate the physiological principles that govern the function of the main body systems and the alterations induced by functional and structural anomalies.
- Describe the main signs and symptoms associated with specific clinical disorders and provide an adequate explanation of the underlying reasons. - Know the diseases of surgical interest affecting the different systems.
- Know the necessary clinical and surgical methodology to deal with the main pathologies of surgical interest.