Ateneo - UPO

Principles of neurological semiology; etiology and pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of selected disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Bertora, P. (2015). Neurologia: per i corsi di laurea in professioni sanitarie. Piccin.
Padovani, A. (2018). Neurologia per le professioni sanitarie. Piccin.

The course aims to promote the acquisition and understanding of the essential principles of the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of major disorders of the nervous system. Particular attention will be devoted to neurological semiology, with the aim of developing clinical reasoning and facilitating the recognition of characteristic signs of major neurological disorders.

The student has to possess basic knowledge in the field of anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of the nervous system.

Face-to-face lessons supported by multimedia presentations (PowerPoint).

Students with physical disabilities, Learning Disabilities or Special Education Needs can request specific services and tools via the Staff Sviluppo e Coordinamento Carriere e Servizi alle Studentesse e agli Studenti, consulting the University webpage: https://www.uniupo.it/en/services/services- students-physical-or-learning-disabilities. Students with disabilities, learning disabilities or special education needs, once they have contacted the University Staff, can refer to the tutor in charge of the course to define the examination modalities, concerning academic aspects.

The exam consists of a written test and an oral test. The written test is made up of clinical cases with multiple choice questions on the scheduled topics, aimed at verifying knowledge and understanding of the disciplines of Neurology, Geriatrics, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Dietetic Sciences and nursing skills in the pharmacological field. Passing the narrative test gives access to the oral exam in Clinical Nursing in Chronic Care and Disability. The oral test aims to evaluate independent judgement, learning ability, communicative ability in explaining and making connections between topics. The student must be able to autonomously use diagnostic reasoning and critical thinking, using and correlating the knowledge learned, addressing in-depth discussion on specific healthcare aspects relating to two situations of people with disabilities and/or chronic conditions.

Lesson 1 Functional examination of the nervous system in normal and pathological conditions: - Vigilance and conscience - The cranial district - Examination of motor functions - Sensitivity, balance and coordination - Reflex activities - Standing and walking -Superior functions
Lesson 2 The approach to the study of clinical neurology: - Neurological history - Neurological examination - The main lesion syndromes of the brain - Instrumental semiotics in neurology
Lesson 3 Cerebrovascular diseases: - Epidemiology - - pathophysiology of stroke - Risk factors - Clinical manifestations - Elements of diagnosis - Acute treatment - Hospitalization in Stroke Unit - Primary and secondary prevention
Lesson 4 Epilepsy: - Epidemiology - Phenomenology of epileptic seizures - Cause - Status epilepticus - Notes on therapy Brain tumors: - Clinical manifestations -Classification -Main features - Notes on diagnosis and treatment
Lesson 5 Dementia: - Main manifestations of cognitive decline - Delirium or acute confusional state - Reversible dementias - Degenerative dementia - Vascular dementias CNS infections: - Epidemiology - Diagnosis - Due to batteries - Viral causes
Lesson 6 Multiple sclerosis: - Epidemiology -Clinic - Course and prognosis - Notes on therapy Motor neuron diseases: - Epidemiology - Clinical picture - Principles of treatment and care taking charge
Lesson 7 Basal ganglia diseases: - Notes on anatomy - Parkinson's disease - Parkinsonian syndrome - Choreic syndromes Neuropathies: accessories - Anatomical notes - Clinical manifestations - Nosological classification - Dysimmune and urgent neuropathies

The student will be expected to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the essential aspects of the disorders covered in the course, as well as the ability to apply this knowledge in the context of clinical reasoning.