Ateneo - UPO

Basic knowledge of diagnostic and therapeutic criteria for glomerular, tubulo-interstitial and vascular nephropaties, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), basics of dialysis and kidney transplantation. Recognition of the main signs and symptoms of syndromes associated with nephropathies and their interpretation in the context of systemic diseases.

Harrison, Medicina Interna

Floege, Johnson, Feehally:Comprehensive clinical nephrology

Ronco, Bellomo, Kellum: Critical Care Nephrology

Daugirdas: Handboof of dialysis

Ponticelli: Kidney Transplantation

Knowledge of epidemiologic data, pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches of the most relevant renal diseases. Recognition of the main renal syndromes in the clinical scenario of different nephropathies and of systemic diseases.

Basics of renal anatomy and physiology mainly based on the determination of renal function

Classical lectures aimed to evaluate acquired knowledge on pathogenesis and diagnosis of main kidney diseases and practical skill evaluation in the Nephrology Unit (basics of renal ultrasound, urine sediment and dialysis)

Students with physical disabilities, Learning disabilities or Special Education Needs can request specific services and tools via the Staff sviluppo e coordinamento Carriere e Servizi alle Studentesse e agli Studenti, consulting the University webpage: https://uniupo.it/en/services/services-students-physical-or-learning-disabilities. Students with disabilities, learning disabilities or special education needs, once they have contacted the University Staff, can refer to the tutor.

Written test formed by 26 questions on basic knowledge and clinical quiz on Nephrology main topics discussed during the classic lessons integrated with the other modules (Cardiology, Pneumology, Immuno-reumatology, Physiopathology) for a total of 120 questions. After the written test (al least 60% of right answers for each module needed), oral test aimed to describe clinical evaluation and diagnostic suggestions for a nephropatic patient.

Anatomy and Physiology of the kidney
Evaluation of renal function: glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Main electrolyte and acid-base disorders
Imaging in clinical nephrology
Interpretation of urinary sediment
Renal biopsy: frequent lesions in optic, electronic microscopy and immunofluorescence
Renal syndromes: acute and chronic nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, isolated urinary abnormalities
Pathologic meaning of hematuria and proteinuria
Mechanisms of glomerular immunopathology
Primary glomerulonephritis 1 (associated with nephrotic syndrome): minimal change nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy
Primary glomerulonephritis 2: IgA nephropathy, post-infective glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, vasculitis
Secondary glomerulonephritis: SLE and other autoimmune diseases, diabetic nephropathy, amyloidosis.
Glomerular inherited diseases
Mechanisms of tubulo-interstitial immunopathology
Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis
Chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis
Tubular inherited diseases: Autosomic Dominant Polycistic Kidney Disease
Vascular nephropathy
Metabolic aspects of kidney stone formation
Renal alterations during pregnancy
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Artificial substitutive therapy for acute and chronic renal failure: basic of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Clinic of kidney transplantation

Knowledge and understanding of basic signs, symptoms and clinical/lab alterations of the main nephropathies also in the context of systemic diseases affecting the kidney. Application of this knowledge to build a diagnostic and therapeutic path for the main nephropathies. Knowledge and understanding of the main clinical problems for General Practitioners or non-nephrologist specialists on substitutive treatmetns of renal function such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation). Practical knowledge of the essential elements to diagnose kidney diseases (renal ultrasound, urine sediment analysis, methods for the evaluation of glomerular and tubular function)