Ateneo - UPO

Study of the main pathological processes concerning neoplastic, degenerative, inflammatory and infectious diseases of the liver, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and their interpretation for the purpose of clinical translation.
Study of the anatomo-clinical correlations of neoplastic, neurodegenerative demyelinating cerebrovascular and infectious diseases of the CNS

Cotran, Kumar e Robbins: Pathologic bases of disease. 10^ edition

P. Gallo, G. D’Amati: Anatomia Patologica – La sistematica (2 volumi) – Edizione UTET

REFERENCE BOOKS: Rosai and Ackerman’s Surgical Pathology (2 vol.) - 11a Edizione - Elsevier Vari volumi WHO o AFIP for individual pathologies, available for consultation at pathological anatomy AOU maggiore) Cotran, Kumar e Robbins: Pathologic bases of disease. 10^ edition
Cotran, Kumar e Robbins: Pathologic bases of disease. 10^ edition P. Gallo, G. D’Amati:

At the end of the course, the student must be able to understand the meaning of an anatomo-pathological diagnosis in terms of clinical relapse for the patient, be able to correctly treat the biological material for purposes of diagnosis, prognosis and predictive indications that can be provided by a histopathological and cytopathological analysis.

Knowledge of the anatomy and histology of the abdomen and abdominal organs, of their vascularization and of the main functions.
Knowledge of neuroanatomy and main concepts of CNS histology

Lectures, discussion of anatomo-clinical cases.

Oral test based on 4 question topics drawn from the 670 filed in the DIR. Students have a series of sheets of paper available, on each of which 4 question topics are printed: before the exam they choose one, which will constitute the exam topics

Describe the main morphological pictures of gastritis and gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and illustrate the role of endoscopic biopsy, also as a function of etiopathogenesis
Describe, differentiating the anatomo-clinical and histological pictures, epithelial and non-epithelial gastric tumors, and illustrate the diagnostic role of endoscopic biopsy
Describe the morphological pictures of acute and chronic pancreatitis in relation to their natural history and complications
Describe the morphological pictures of pancreatic cancer
Provide basic information on the morphological aspect and diagnosis of endocrine tumors of the pancreas
Describe the morphological pictures of acute and chronic hepatitis in relation to the etiopathogenesis and possible evolutions and complications, and illustrate the diagnostic function of the liver biopsy
Describe the morphological alterations of portal hypertension of the liver, including the problem of collateral circulation, and provide notes on the Budd-Chiari syndrome
Classify chronic hepatitis and describe its histopathological pictures and the modalities of staging and gradation, also in relation to the different etiopathogenesis and consequently to their prognosis.
Know in general the pictures of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Indicate the haematochemical alterations and histopathological aspects of alcoholic liver disease in relation to the pathogenetic mechanisms and the various evolutionary stages
Describe the morphological pictures of the main types of liver cirrhosis, also with reference to their etiology and complications
Describe the morphological pictures of hepato- and cholangiocellular tumors and liver metastases, illustrating the diagnostic role of transparietal needle biopsy and laparoscopy
Understanding succinctly the non-neoplastic lesions of the liver
Briefly describe the main anatomo-pathological pictures related to liver transplantation
Describe the morphological pictures of cholecystitis and carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract, with reference to the natural history and complications
Provide a general framework and describe the main morphological pictures of biliary cirrhosis and sclerosing cholangitis and genetic-based liver diseases
Describe the morphological pictures of the most common enteritis and colitis, in relation to their etiopathogenesis
Provide a general framework and describe the main morphological pictures of intestinal malabsorption syndromes, illustrating the diagnostic role of endoscopic biopsy
Describe the morphological pictures, in relation to their evolution, of ischemic intestinal disorders
Knowing and being able to classify the various types of non-neoplastic intestinal polyps, with notes on their histological aspects
Describe the morphological pictures of large intestine adenomas with specific reference to familial polyposis and adenoma-carcinoma progression; illustrate the diagnostic and prognostic role of biopsy and endoscopic resection
Describe the epidemiology and anatomo-clinical and histological pictures of colon cancer; expose the essential data relating to the staging modalities and correlate the prognosis with the anatomo-clinical stage.
Framing the diverticular disease of the large intestine on an anatomical and anatomo-clinical basis, with particular reference to its complications
Describe the anatomo-clinical and histopathological alterations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis; indicate the differential diagnostic orientations and know the complications
To know superficially the picture of the congenital megacolon
Describe in general the anatomical and histological pictures of neuroendocrine tumors of the small and large intestine

General overview of neuropathological diagnostics: main histological immunohistochemical stains useful in the diagnosis of the main neoplastic, neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases.
Central nervous system tumors with particular reference to glial neoplasms.
Anatomo-pathological basis of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases
Anatomo-clinical pictures of spongiform encephalopathies.
Pathological bases of the main demyelinating diseases
Meningitis, encephalitis.
Cerebro-vascular diseases of the CNS
Causes and anatomo-clinical correlations of hydrocephalus.

Students are required to know how to use the main knowledge acquired in the Pathological Anatomy course in clinical contest and in the approach to the patient. The exam is essentially aimed at verifying whether this attitude, mental as well as practical, has been acquired