Ateneo - UPO

The teaching of descriptive stomatological anatomy is of fundamental importance for the training of dental hygienists since only the perfect knowledge of the crown and root of the dental elements, of the eruption and exfoliation periods, of the dento-skeletal morphology will allow a correct clinical operation.
The course aims to introduce students to the generalities and terminology of the teeth. the morphology of the crown and root, the search for landmarks through the subdivision into thirds, the design of the morphology of the teeth will facilitate the knowledge of the same. The student must know the classification and numbering methodologies that allow to establish the tooth formulas. The student must know every particular and characteristic of deciduous or primary teeth and permanent teeth (function and shape; alignment and occlusion).
the student must know the embryology of the mouth and teeth; of the teeth must also know the periods of development, calcification and eruption (and exfoliation of the deciduous). The student must be able to recognize and identify the main facial types and the Dento-skeletal Classes of Angle in order to be able to recognize the dento-skeletal anomalies.

some pdfs of the images presented during the lessons.
Cortesi Ardizzone V, Abbinante A (Ed). Igienista Dentale: Teoria E Pratica Professionale. Prima edizione. Milano. LSWR srl. 201.
Pejrone C, Cortesi Ardizzone V, Camorali C, Marzola P. Anatomia e morfologia dentale e anatomia parodontale. pag. 91-120.
Farronato GP. Odontostomatologia per l’igienista dentali. Piccin Nuova Libraria. Padova 2007.
Cenni di embriologia, anatomia, istologia e fisiologia dell’apparato stomatognatico.
Lindhe J, Lang Np. (Ed.). Parodontologia Clinica e Implantologia Orale. VI Edizione. Milano. Edi Ermes S.R.L., 2016.
Lindhe J, Karring T, Araujo M. Anatomia. pag. 3-49.
McLac – Del Bello. Anatomia del cavo orale. Milano. Ed. Scienza e Tecnica Dentistica. 1987
Embriologia della cavità buccale.
Istologia dei tessuti dentari.
Anatomia della cavità buccale.
Fisiologia della bocca e dei denti.
Valletta g, Bucci E, Matarasso S. Odontostomatologia. Padova. Piccin Nuova Libraria Spa. 1997.
Embriologia della bocca e dei mascellari
Anatomia della bocca e dei mascellari
Embriologia dell’apparato dentario
Eruzione dentaria
Anatomia dei denti e del parodonto
Wilkins E.M. La pratica clinica dell’igienista dentale. Ed. Piccin.
Wilkins EM. I denti. pag. 271-287.
Wilkins EM. L’occlusione. pag. 289-299.
Wheeler C. Russel. L’anatomia funzionale del dente e l’occlusione. Milano. Edi. Ermes 1978.
Generalità e terminologia.
Sviluppo dei denti, calcificazione ed eruzione.
I denti decidui o primari.
Considerazioni generali sulla fisiologia della dentizione permanente.
Forma fisiologica del dente e protezione del parodonto.
Incisivi mascellari permanenti
Incisivi mandibolari permanenti
Canini mascellari e mandibolari permanenti
Premolari mascellari permanenti
Premolari mandibolari permanenti
Molari mascellari permanenti
Molari mandibolari permanenti.
Strutture osteo-dentali.
Articolazione temporo-mandibolare. Muscoli della masticazione e della mimica facciale.

At the end of the course, students must know the morphological normality in order to identify everything that, deviating from this normality, can represent either an anomaly or the expression of a pathology.
The course aims to provide the student with the necessary elements to:
- know the terminology, morphology, characteristics of deciduous and permanent teeth;
- know how to reproduce the characteristics of the dental elements
- know the main methods of classification and numbering of teeth.
- know the eruption, development, calcification (and exfoliation) eras of the deciduous and permanent ones
- to know the dento-skeletal classes of Angle and the main dento-skeletal anomalies.
Know the embryology of the dental apparatus, tooth development, Dentinogenesis, Amelogenesis, Cementogenesis.

the student must possess the knowledge and skills deriving from the preparatory teachings of anatomy, histology and biology.

The course makes use of theoretical lectures and practical exercises during the internship activities.

The frontal teaching lessons are accompanied by practical exercises on the reproduction of the morphology of the teeth during the hours of supplementary teaching activity.
Students must reproduce on graph paper all of Angle's dental elements and skeletal dentition classes until they learn the correct morphology of all teeth.

The tooth designs are reviewed and corrected at the end of each session.
The exam consists of a written test (open questions or quiz) or oral.
In the test the level of knowledge acquired and the understanding of the course contents are verified.
The written assignments are corrected in a collegial form and discussed with each individual student. During the interview, the student must demonstrate that he / she knows and is able to present the arguments in an understandable way; to have understood at least the fundamental concepts; exhibition ability and practical operational skills are assessed. The student must be able to establish connections between topics covered and other disciplines.
In the event of a negative result, it must recognize the mistakes made and then identify the correct answers.

Embryology of the dental apparatus. Tooth development: crown and root formation. Dentinogenesis. Amelogenesis. Cementogenesis.
Teeth: general information and terminology; nomenclature of deciduous and permanent teeth.
Crown and root: walls and margins; other landmarks: subdivision into thirds.
Drawing of dental elements: methods for taking measurements of a tooth.
Classification, numbering, tooth formulas.
Teething and dentition
Deciduous or primary teeth: function. Epochs of radiological appearance, calcification, eruption, exfoliation of deciduous teeth.
Main differences between deciduous and permanent teeth.
Systematics of maxillary and mandibular deciduous teeth. Alignment and occlusion of deciduous teeth.
Permanent teeth: function. Epochs of radiological appearance, apicification, eruption of permanent teeth
Systematics of maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth. Occlusion and malocclusion. Angle skeletal tooth classes

The course aims to provide the student with the theoretical foundations that allow him to acquire indispensable skills in professional clinical-practical activity, where he must be able to interact with both the professionals he collaborates with and with patients.