Ateneo - UPO

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

F.A.Grassi, U. Pazzaglia, G. Pilato, G. Zatti: “Manuale di ortopedia e traumatologia” (III ed.), ed. EDRA Masson, Milano, 2021

Know the main pathologies affecting the musculoskeletal system and the related diagnostic-therapeutic algorithm

Basic notions of Histology, Anatomy, Biochemistry, Physiology, General Pathology and Radiology.

Frontal lectures with slide projection.

The course is combined with clinical internship in the department

Learning is assessed through an oral exam. Each candidate will be asked several questions that may cover all the topics covered in the curriculum, with a focus on the topics covered in the lectures. Each of the three instructors of the Integrated Course will ask questions related to their own teaching and propose a grade out of 30, which will result in the overall grade out of 30, expressed as a weighted average with a final evaluation shared by the instructors of the individual modules. The exam is considered passed when the final grade is 18 or higher. The highest grade with honors (30 cum laude) is awarded.

- Terminology in Orthopedics and Traumatology.
- Congenital malformations and diseases (congenital hip dysplasia and dislocation, congenital clubfoot, congenital torticollis). Developmental diseases (osteochondrosis, osteochondrosis dissecans, scoliosis, kyphosis, spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, slipped capital femoral epiphysis).
- Infectious diseases of the bone and joints.
- Skeletal tumors.
- Cartilage lesions and their treatment.
- Osteoarthritis (general information, etiopathogenesis, pathological anatomy, classification, clinical and radiographic features. Systematic analysis of osteoarthritis: spondyloarthrosis, coxarthrosis, gonarthrosis). Joint prostheses.
- Intervertebral disc pathology (cervical and lumbar disc herniation).
- General information on muscle and tendon injuries.
- General information on myotendinous overload disorders (shoulder, Achilles tendon, etc.).
- Hand surgery topics (carpal tunnel syndrome, De Quervain's disease, Dupuytren's contracture, complex regional pain syndrome).
- Foot pathology topics (flat foot, hallux valgus).
- General principles of skeletal traumatology: general information on fractures (classification, bone repair processes, treatment principles, complications). Stress fractures.
- Fracture system: humerus, wrist, femur, leg, vertebrae.
- Epiphyseal separations.
- General principles of traumatic joint dislocations: general information, classification, treatment principles, complications.
- Dislocation Systematics: shoulder and shoulder instability, acromioclavicular dislocations, elbow dislocations, painful pronation, hip dislocations, patellofemoral dislocation and instability, knee sprains and ligament injuries, meniscal injuries, ankle sprains.
- Principles of rehabilitation and physical medicine.

Risultati di apprendimento attesi
I risultati di apprendimento attesi sono coerenti con le disposizioni generali che si trovano all'interno del Quadro europeo delle qualifiche (descrittori di Dublino) come segue: Valutare i principi fisiologici che governano la funzione dei sistemi del corpo principale e le alterazioni indotte da anomalie funzionali e strutturali. Descrivere i principali segni e sintomi associati a specifici disturbi clinici e fornire una spiegazione adeguata delle ragioni sottostanti. Conoscenza delle principali patologie dell'apparato locomotore, capacità di condurre un esame clinico ragionato al fine di formulare un'ipotesi diagnostica e prescrivere gli accertamenti strumentali adeguati. Capacità di valutare gravità, trattamento e prognosi delle lesioni traumatiche dell'apparato locomotore.
The expected learning outcomes are consistent with the general provisions found within the European Qualifications Framework (Dublin descriptors), as follows: Assess the physiological principles governing the function of major body systems and the alterations induced by functional and structural abnormalities. Describe the main signs and symptoms associated with specific clinical disorders and provide an adequate explanation of the underlying causes. Knowledge of the main pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and the ability to conduct a reasoned clinical examination to formulate a diagnostic hypothesis and prescribe appropriate instrumental tests. Ability to assess the severity, treatment, and prognosis of traumatic injuries to the musculoskeletal system.

The expected learning outcomes are consistent with the general provisions found within the European Qualifications Framework (Dublin descriptors), as follows: Assess the physiological principles governing the function of major body systems and the alterations induced by functional and structural abnormalities. Describe the main signs and symptoms associated with specific clinical disorders and provide an adequate explanation of the underlying causes. Knowledge of the main pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and the ability to conduct a reasoned clinical examination to formulate a diagnostic hypothesis and prescribe appropriate instrumental tests. Ability to assess the severity, treatment, and prognosis of traumatic injuries to the musculoskeletal system.