Ateneo - UPO

Concepts on nursing practice in the onco-hematological area

- AIAO a cura di Miriam Magri. Assistenza infermieristica in Oncologia. Linee guida, procedure e protocolli di assistenza. II edizione,Casa Editrice Elsevier Masson

- Carpanelli I., Mazzufero F., Pellachin S., L'infermiere in oncologia. La Gestione dei farmaci antiblastici, Carocci Faber, 2009, Roma.
- Linee Guida nazionali/internazionali (CVC, trasfusioni

1. Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will know the theoretical concepts of onco-hematological nursing practice, specifically:
• Epidemiological and etiological factors, prevention strategies (primary, secondary, tertiary), and early diagnosis of cancer.
• Psychosocial needs of the oncological patient and their family during the different stages of the disease.
• Pathophysiology, signs, symptoms, and management of the main onco-hematological diseases and related symptoms.
• Principles of cancer treatments (surgery, chemo/radiotherapy, hormone therapies, target therapies, immunotherapy, and CAR-T) and their side effects.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will be able to translate theory into applied clinical skills:
Independently apply diagnostic reasoning (nursing process) to identify needs and treatment-related risks.
Design and implement individualized and standardized care plans (e.g., for chemotherapy and radiotherapy).
Manage the handling of antiblastic drugs and the treatment of extravasation.
Safely perform blood product transfusions, managing clinical risk and nursing responsibility.
Assess and treat cancer pain and fatigue according to guidelines.
3. Making judgements
The course consolidates the ability to make reasoned clinical decisions:
Demonstrate autonomous clinical judgment in the analysis of complex onco-hematological cases.
Perform critical care assessments for the management of neoplastic patients and end-of-life care.
Formulate independent clinical considerations on methods, priorities, and expected outcomes within oncological networks and care pathways (PDTA).
4. Communication skills
Developed through participatory activities, students will be able to:
Describe and orally present diagnostic reasoning and the designed care plan in a clear and structured manner.
Rigorously use scientific and professional terminology.
Manage relationships, information sharing, the communication of serious diagnoses, and the gathering of informed consent.
Collaborating and communicating effectively in interprofessional teams through small-group case analysis.
5. Learning skills
Methodologies for continuous evidence-based professional development:
Integrate lectures with the independent study of textbooks and national/international guidelines.
Develop reflective, problem-based learning through the guided analysis of real clinical cases.

The student is expected to demonstrate autonomous clinical judgement, communication skills to plan and describe the implementation of individualised care, autonomously using diagnostic reasoning (nursing process) and knowledge of anatomy and pathology.

Power Point presentations. Frontal and online, participatory lectures. Work in small groups to analyse and discuss clinical and care cases in onco-hematology.

Students with disabilities or Specific Learning Disorders (DSA) or Special Educational Needs (BES) may request specific services and tools dedicated to them by contacting the Career Development and Coordination Staff and Student Services and consulting the dedicated page on the University website: https://uniupo.it/it/servizi/servizi-studenti-disabili-e-dsa Students with disabilities, DSA, BES, once they have made contact with the University Staff, they can contact the teacher in charge of the teaching programme in relation to the declination of examination methods, with regard to teaching aspects.

The examination consists of a written test and an oral test. The written test aims to assess the candidate's level of knowledge and understanding of the subjects covered. The written test, administered online, consists of 42 multiple-choice questions on medical subjects and venous access management. Passing this test (60% of the total questions) allows access to the oral test on the subjects of nursing in oncology and hematology, and end-of-life care nursing. The oral examination, which takes place 5-15 days after the written exam, aims to assess the student's ability to independently use diagnostic reasoning, applying the knowledge they have learned and demonstrating their ability to engage in an in-depth discussion on aspects of care specific to people with neoplastic diseases and people at the end of life. The final grade will be the average of the written exam and the average of the oral exam.

Module 1 - Prevention in oncology - European strategies against cancer - The National Cancer Plan 2023-2027 - Primary prevention: Educational interventions in the population; lifestyles - Secondary prevention: Screening in oncology, nursing perspectives - Tertiary prevention: follow-ups Module 2 - Psychosocial needs of the person with cancer disease - Psychological reactions to the disease - The process of adaptation to the disease - The pre-diagnostic phase; the acute phase; the chronic phase; the advanced phase Module 3 - The relationship - Information to the person diagnosed with cancer - Communication of the serious diagnosis - Consent to treatment - Relational aspects Module 4 - Taking charge - Taking charge of the network - Oncological networks - CAS; GIC; PDTA - Oncological network tools Piedmont - Aosta Valley Module 5 - Cancer treatments - Surgery: nursing approach to the person undergoing treatment - Chemotherapy: preparation and handling of antiblastic drugs; routes of administration; adverse events. Clinical trials - Radiotherapy: principles of radiation protection; treatment; side effects - Hormone therapy: principles of treatment; side effects - Target therapies: principles of treatment; side effects - Immunotherapy: principles of treatment; side effects Module 6 - The extravasation of antiblastic drugs - Definitions, mechanisms of action; types and treatment - Prevention of extravasation Module 7 - Transfusion of blood products - Clinical risk; nursing responsibility; transfusion practice Module 8 - Cancer pain and cancer related fatigue - Pain: Theoretical framework; assessment; treatment; routes of administration; therapeutic approaches - Fatigue: Theoretical framework; evaluation; treatment; routes of administration; therapeutic approaches Module 9 - The person with Onco-Hematological disease - Leukaemias; Lymphomas and Myelomas - Symptom management in haematology: Anaemia; Plateletopenia; Immunodepression - Treatment regimens in haematology: protective isolation - Marrow transplantation: autologous; allogeneic - Innovative therapies: CAR-T; CAR-M

Below are the expected outcomes of this module: --Knowledge and understanding Students at the end of the course will be able to: - know the factors that contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms - know cancer prevention and early diagnosis strategies - know the psycho-social needs of the oncological patient in the early phase of treatment, and in the advanced phase of the oncological disease and his or her family This knowledge is acquired during the theoretical lectures and exercises and is assessed during the learning assessment examinations --Ability to apply knowledge and understanding Students at the end of the course will be able to: - know the signs and symptoms of oncological disease and arising from treatments - know the care strategies to be implemented in the various stages of the disease - be able to apply diagnostic reasoning, using the knowledge provided by the course, in identifying the needs of the oncological patient and the possible risks resulting from treatments - to know how to formulate the care plan, with objectives and interventions, for the cancer patient These skills are acquired during the theoretical lectures and exercises and are assessed during the learning assessment examinations --Making judgement Students at the end of the course will be able to: - be able to present in oral form the appropriate considerations on the diagnostic reasoning carried out and the consequent care plan designed, the method used, the planned interventions and the expected results. - be able to use the correct terminology. These skills are acquired during the theoretical lectures and exercises and are assessed during the learning assessment examinations.