Ateneo - UPO

The Purpose of this Course is to outline the Role and Objectives achieved by italian Liberalism late nineteenth Century (meaning the temporal Phase immediately after 1876) in the wider european Context during the Period between nineteenth and twentieth Centuries. Do this means dealing with two Key Elements of constitutional and political History of the Continent, or the Birth and Consolidation of the State and the Affirmation of a modern Ruling Class. Will – therefore – be examined, both according to a comparative Methodology and also diachronic, these Aspects. We will start from the german Events because closer, after the french Defeat of 1870, to the italian cultural World, to then continue with the Examination of how far the Role of the Legislature affected the Functions of the Executive, ending with the Question of how much the “Crisis” of the classical liberal System – the british – had Repercussions in our Country.

Ernst Wolfgang Boeckenfoerde, La formazione dello Stato come processo di secolarizzazione, Brescia, Morcelliana, 2015, pp. 80
Raffaella Gherardi, Marco Minghetti, il liberalismo e l’Europa, Brescia, Morcelliana, 2015, pp. 256.
Federico Lucarini, La carriera di un gentiluomo. Antonio Salandra e la ricerca di un liberalismo nazionale (1875-1922), Bologna, Il Mulino, 2012, pp. 378. (Only the second Chapter).

The main Aim of this Teaching is to achieve two Objectives.
1.Provide attending Students with methodological Tools able to place them with a critical Attitude of the social Sciences and the political and historical Sciences specifically.
2. Give as clear a Picture as possible – including “exemplary Cases” – of the respectives Roles of Ideologies and Men who incarnated them or opposed them in the Period examined.

The only Requirement is the full Willingnesss of Students to collaborate with the Teacher in order to make real a tendentially widest possible interaction with Respect to the Matter dealt with.

The Methodology will consist in a continous Alternation of Lectures by the Teacher with the Readings of Passages by the Students, in the Belief that is the most profitable System for better Learning.
Attendance at Classes is recommended.

The Modality of Verification of the Program will be an oral Exam. This in the twofold Intent of:
1. Make Students feel their own specific Study Methodologies.
2. Have as Objective that they have in Mind most of the Topics developed.

The Course aims to reconstruct the Role played by italian Liberaliism – substantially after 1876 - within the european Context.. The leading Personalities of this Current had to deal with two Topics on the Agenda between nineteenth and twentieth Centuries: the Consolidation of the State and the Advent of a modern ruling Class. Doing this means comparing both in a Cross and diachronic Way with three different national Realities. Germany, to verify how much the Figure of a powerful Chancellor could be “exported” to Italy. France, in Order to understand up to what Point the Role of the Legislature affected the functioning of the executive Moment. Britain, finally, to answer the Question of whether the Crisis of the classical liberal System could have Repercussions in our Country.

The Course’s Purpose is to ensure that the Students are able on one Hand to distinguish the different european Variants of Liberalism, on another Hand that they can identify the common bottom Lines.