Ateneo - UPO

Study of the tissues of the human body, focusing on morphological aspects that provide indications on their location and function. How to interpret a histological preparation.

Study of the early periods of human development, including the strategy/mechanism of how the different tissues in the embryo originate and combine to form organs. Examination of stem cells from the early stages of development to the maintenance of tissues in adults (homeostasis).

Ross-Pawlina: Istologia – Testo e atlante con elementi di Biologia cellulare e molecolare – Casa Editrice Ambrosiana

Istologia di Monesi 7 edizione
Adamo, De Felici, Dolfi.
PICCIN

Wheater: Istologia e Anatomia microscopica, Edises

De Felici et al.: Embriologia Umana - Piccin
Barbieri-Carinci: Embriologia Umana: Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
Moore- Persaud: Lo sviluppo prenatale dell’uomo, Edises

At the end of the course, the student must:

i) Have acquired the basic knowledge of molecular and cellular components, as well as the structure, function, and embryological origin of the different tissues of the human body. ii) Have acquired knowledge about tissue homeostasis. iii) Have acquired the basic knowledge of the first moments of embryonic development (first month).

The student should have the essential notions of Cell Biology, Cytology and biochemical preparatory.
It would be better if the student has passed the biology exam

Lectures are held, using files in Power point Presentation and Video format.

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The exam consists of a compulsory written test (50 multiple choice questions, of which only one is correct) and an oral interview, with recognition of the slide under the microscope.
Registration for the exam is mandatory.
For the written test, for the purpose of the vote, only the correct answers are considered. The tasks are performed on the DIR and are corrected quickly, so that the
students can know the outcome (number of correct questions) immediately.
Only those who passed the written test (correct answers about 80% of the
questions) can access the oral exam, which is also mandatory

- Coating epithelium. Cell polarization. Specializations
cytoplasmic and surface, related to protective functions,
mechanical, waterproofing and transport. Classification,
structure and physiology. Cell junctions, basement membrane.
-Exocrine glandular epithelium. Structure and classification. Specializations
of secretory functions. Mechanisms for regulating secretion.
- Endocrine glandular epithelia. Hormonal signals and tissue homeostasis.
Hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Functional histology of thyroid, adrenal and islets
pancreatic.
-The blood: plasma, serum, cells. Structure, average life, and function of
cells, leukocyte formula, hematocrit.
-Hemopoiesis. Multipotent and unipotent stem cells and precursors.
Regulation of hematopoiesis: bone marrow microenvironment and growth factors.
Hemocateresis.
-Lymphatic tissues: structure and organization of the lymphatic system.
Classification of lymphocytes, membrane markers. Lymphopoiesis e
maturation of lymphocytes. Functional specializations of B, T, NK and lymphocytes
plasma cells.
-Supporting tissues: components and function of the extracellular matrix.
Cells and their relationships with the matrix. Classification of fabrics
connectives. - Cartilage tissue and bone tissue. Mechanical functions e
of metabolic homeostasis. Ossification, growth, remodeling e
repair.
-Adipose tissue: white, brown and beige.
-Muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, cardiac. Structure e
membrane, cytoskeletal and metabolic specializations.
Mechanism and regulation of muscle contraction.
- Blood vessels: structure. Capillaries and sinusoids. Vasculogenesis e
angiogenesis.
- Nerve tissue. Ultrastructural specializations of neurons. Transport
axonal. Electrical properties of the membrane. Synapse and neuromuscular junction.
Myelination. Gray matter and white matter. The ganglia, i
nerves. The daughter.
-Tissue homeostasis: Generalities on differentiation, maintenance and
tissue renewal: stem cells.
-Gametogenesis. Principles of anatomy and histology of the genital system
feminine and masculine. Germline cells and their maturation.
Ovarian cycle, uterine cycle and their hormonal control. Spermatogenesis e
its hormonal control.
- Embryonic development. Fertilization and fertilization. Zygote,
segmentation. Twins. Blastocyst and its implant. Bilaminar embryo
and trilaminar. The embryonic foldings. Prospective development of the three
embryonic leaflets. Embryonic appendages.

In order to achieve the knowledge and skills corresponding to the minimum level of sufficiency, the student is asked to demonstrate:

Knowledge:

Understanding of the molecular and cellular components, their structuring in the different tissues of the human body, and their contribution to the formation of organs and systems.

Knowledge of the morphological characteristics of different tissues and their correlation with function.

Basics of embryology: development of gametes, cycle of organs responsible for reproduction, development of the human embryo in the first month.

Skills:

Ability to recognize different tissues in photographs of histological sections.

Transversal Skills:

Ability to read, understand, and comment on scientific notions taken from textbooks or specialized literature.

Knowledge of, or ability to trace, essential terminology.

Ability to evaluate the teaching provided.