The course will examine in particular the evolution of commercial law from the Middle Ages to the nineteenth century, emphasizing the peculiarity of the subject, as a result of a daily practice that will become custom; in the meantime, highlighting also the universal application of that legal uses, as a tool used by all the merchants in the known world to negociate each other. The analysis will be conducted both in terms of the medieval development of lex mercatoria and the birth of an organised commercial system (families and companies, the prohibition of usury, the foundation of the banks and the introduction of the bill of exchange, the evolution of the insurance contract), both in relation to its existence in the communal world (guilds’ organization and political influence of the merchants, mechanisms for resolving internal disputes, regulation of bankruptcy). With the crisis of the medieval indipendent cities and the rise of the Signoria, the Prince will improve his personal intervention in the creation of standards and commercial jurisdiction: key points of this process will be particularly the Ordonnances du commerce et de la marine of Louis XIV of France (1673-1681) and after that the napoleonic codification, with the promulgation of the Commercial Code of 1807 and its spread as the European model. Touches will ultimately be reserved on the legal debate that led to the unification of the italian code of commerce with the civil one, that took place in the 1942.

The course is organized into two parts. In the first part, the major sociological explanations of deviance will be examined and the relationship between these sociological explanations and ways in which social control is carried out in practice will also be analyzed. In the second part of the course, the sociological theories will be applied to the study of specific areas of deviance comprising institutions of social control. Examination program for students who have attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma (excluding the third paragraph "Applicazione delle teorie ai casi" of each chapter) A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma. Examination program for students who have not attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma.

To be translated during the course. The modul ANCI will have a specific programme to be published by january 2019.

The course is devoted to the theoretical and practical study of: (1) the notion of personhood and legal subjectivity; (2) the modern divergence between “subject” and “object”; (3) the theoretical notion of thing (and its taxonomy); (4) critical perspectives about the extension of property; (5) the analysis of hybrid situations (the unborn, the human-body, animals, nature, future generations). The moot court competition (24 hours) is a seminar activity divided in two stages: in the first part the participants (in groups) will have to prepare a written statement of the arguments in their capacity as plaintiff or defendant. In the second part (the adversarial one), the teams will face off exposing their comments orally. At the end of the qualifying rounds, semi-finals and a final, a Board of Judges will announce the winning team. For non-attending students the course is devoted to the theoretical and practical study of three areas in the field of property law: the law of things (general theory and its boundaries), property (historical-dogmatic approach) and commons theory. . In each of these subjects the program refers constantly on the most important theoretical implications in the context of history, economics and anthropology. The training will stimulate the use of interdisciplinary methodological tools in order to furnish students with non-traditional resources to understand the socio-legal phenomena concerning the man-thing relationship.

Module C The crimes against the person, against property, against the family and against the administration of justice

The Age of the Origins: Birth of Rome. The city and the Kings. The Etruscan Monarchy in the Roman Tradition. The Servian Reform. Fall of the Monarchy and establishment of the Republic. The first ius, knowledge of the Pontiffs, the paradigm of the responsum. Hypothesis of the first written Laws. The Age of the Republic: the constitution of the Roman Republic. The Origins of the Consulate. The emergence of the conflict between patricians and plebeians. The Twelve Tables: Legislative decemvirate the patrician-plebeian compromise, the ‘pontifical revenge’. The structure of the Respublica: the Republican Magistrates, the Popular Assemblies, the Republican Senate. The eclipse of the Pontiffs. People and laws, magistrates and edicts. The organization forms of Roman rule in Italy and the Mediterranean. The ‘scientific revolution’. The crisis of the Republican Constitution: the Social War to Sulla, Pompey and Caesar. The Age of the Principate: Octavian and the evolution of its power. Ius publice respondendi, the main features of the Jurisprudence of the Principate. The schools of Sabiniani and Proculiani. The vicissitudes of Imperial Power since the end of Augustus to that of the Julio- Claudian. Since the advent of the Flavii to the disappearance of Adriano. From the Age of Antonini to that of Severi. The jurisprudence in the Age of the Severi. The Law product from by the comitia, the Senate, the magistrates and the prince, the consilia principum. Italy’s government and the provinces, the imperial finances. From the Principate of Absolute Monarchy. Late Ancient Age: End of the Dynasty of Severi and Empire Crushing. Hellenized Christianity, Diocletian, Constantine, by Valentinian to Theodosius I. The Eastern Empire between V and VI century. The age of Justinian. The criminal repression.

This course is intended as an introduction to EU criminal procedure and to the instruments for cooperation in criminal matters in the EU. A section (Section I) will deal with the institutional system and the legal framework of criminal justice in the EU and transnational investigations. Another section (Section II) will deal with Human Rights and Criminal Justice Responses to Terrorism. Emphasis will be placed upon the relevance of EU measures for legal practise, but the necessary theoretical background will be provided.

Knowlwge of principals problems about the pluralist societies; education to more mature citizenship; better sensibility and competence about the themes of the racism, discrimination for ethnic and religious reasons; knowledge of the cases law of the EHRC

Every year the seminar will be devoted to the preparation of one particular moot court competition. The team will represent the University of Eastern Piedmont in a national of international context. A non-exhaustive list of moot court competitions includes the following: Mandela World Human Rights competition, Nuremberg moot court, Competizione italiana di mediazione, Premio Giuseppe Sperduti, European Law moot court, ELSA national moot court competition

After a survey of the state of matrimonial law, of the patrimonial relations between spouses and the regulative principles of the succession in Roman times and especially in the Justinian age, the same will be developed chronologically until at least their results in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with particular attention to the medieval legislation and the elaboration of canon law

The Business and corporate criminal law: in general. The individuals. False accounting. Obstacle to the controlling authorities. Corporate misappropriation. Private bribery. Bankruptcy: • In general. • Fraudulent bankruptcy on the assets. • Fraudulent bankruptcy on the books. • Fraudulent preferential bankruptcy. • Minor bankruptcy. • Corporate bankruptcy. Insider trading. Market Manipulation. Grande Stevens decision and the question of ne bis in idem. The administrative liability of the comapnies: • Offences. • Executives and employees. • Interest and profit. • Compliance programs. • The supervisory body.

The course consists of two parts: Public Law and Private Law. Public Law: 1. The sources of banking and financial law 2. The activity of banking 3. Financial activities 4. Supervising bodies 5. The various types of banks 6. The bank crisis 7. The rules governing the securities market Private Law: 1. The regulation of customer relations 2. Movement of receivables, securitization, factoring and forfeiting 3. Bank collection contracts (bonds, certificates of deposit, bank deposits, subordinated loans and/or perpetual.) 4. Credit bank contracts (loan, credit facility, banking anticipation, discount, repo, securities lending, mortgage credit, agricultural credit.) 5. Project financing and customary exceptions to the rules of civil law regarding contracting agreements 6. Active guarantees (financial guarantee contracts, surety, lien, revolving pledge, letter of patronage, keepwell agreement.) and liabilities (performance bond, bid bond, advance payment bond.) 7. Documentary credits 8. Derivative financial instrument 9. Debt security 10. Investement services

1. Intellectual property law: notions. Genesis and sources. 2. Promotion of culture (copyright). 3. Trade promotion and distinguishing marks: brand, firm, sign. 4. Promotion of research, technological development and intellectual creations (invention and patent). 5. Drawings and models. 6. Unfair competition and advertising. 7. Competition law: notions. Genesis and sources. 8. The authorities for the supervision of the competition and the market. 9. Control procedures and sanctions

Notion of corporate governance and the historical relationship between the general assembly and the board of directors: Part I: MANAGEMENT - COMPETENCES - APPOINTMENT - PERSONAL REQUIREMENTS - PROHIBITION OF COMPETITION - COMPANIES DIRECTORS - TERMINATION - REPLACEMENT - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING - ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE - DUTIES - REMUNERATION - LEGAL REPRESENTATION - LIABILITY AND BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE - GENERAL DIRECTOR Part II: CONTROL SYSTEMS AND ALTERNATE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS - MEMBER' S RIGHT OF CONTROL - STATUTORY AUDITORS - AUDIT - EXTERNAL CONTROL - INTERNAL SYSTEM CONTROL - “ORGANISMO DI VIGILANZA” - ONE-TIER AND TWO-TIER SYSTEMS Part III: OWNERSHIP, GOVERNANCE AND GROUPS OF COMPANIES - MEMBER'S INTERFERENCE IN THE MANAGEMENT AND THEIR LIABILITY - CLASSES OF SHARES - “PATTI DI FAMIGLIA” - GOVERNANCE AND GROUPS OF COMPANIES

will be pointed out after the choice of the specific competition

economics of information, personnel selection, honest signals, bias in selecting persons

To be translated.

The first phase of the seminar will be devoted to analysing, also in a diachronic sense, the main theories of interpretation (“interpretation” as recognition of the legislator's intention; “interpretation” as a textual and semantic analysis of the exposure; “interpretation” as a process of identification of the rules to be applied to the concrete cases). The theoretical assumptions, even extra-juridical, and the value in terms of conceptions of the nature and function of law will be illustrated. During the seminar, an examination of the main interpretative arguments used both by practical and doctrinal jurists will be provided. Finally, a presentation of the forensic rhetoric will be given, starting with the ancient one (dialectical approach and structure of the oration) to move to the latest studies in the subject. A review of the main rhetorical figures will also be conducted.

The seminar will be held by Antonella Meniconi (University of Roma La Sapienza) and M. Vogliotti, scientific director of the Chair "Galante Garrone". The seminar includes a lecture of Professor Nicolò Lipari and others activities.

- Course Introduction: teaching goals, contents, teaching methods - The financial system: pillars, actors, and functions - The financial instruments: technical and contractual features; risk-return profiles - Checking accounts, repurchase agreements and other bank liability contracts - Payment instruments: from banking currency to virtual currency - Short and medium-long term lending facilities. - Government and corporate bonds: valuation, yield and rating - Mutual funds and principles of asset management strategies - Motor insurances and pension funds

- Discussion of the most relevant equal opportunity laws and analysis of their consequences in the labour market through the presentation of economic data; - Discussion of empirical papers on equal opportunity issues in order to analyse both the ineffectiveness of the law taken into account on reaching the final expected goal and the potential presence of individual opportunistic behaviours.

The course is organized into two parts. In the first part, the major sociological explanations of deviance will be examined and the relationship between these sociological explanations and ways in which social control is carried out in practice will also be analyzed. In the second part of the course, the sociological theories will be applied to the study of specific areas of deviance comprising institutions of social control. Examination program for students who have attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma (excluding the third paragraph "Applicazione delle teorie ai casi" of each chapter) A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma. Examination program for students who have not attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma.

The first introductory set of sessions aims at providing a common vocabulary and to understand the different views on of the role of strategic non profit management across time and space. Well-established theories and scientific debates about the nature and evolution of non profit management are presented in this block, as well as a set of ‘archetypes’ that will allow students to read and understand the functioning dynamics of public administrations and non profit organizations, as well as the interaction and overlap between strategy and public policy.

(i) the corporate contract; (ii) limited liability; (iii) voting; (iv) the conflict between shareholders and managers: fiduciary duties and business judgment rule; (v) corporate control transactions; (vi) mandatory disclosure.

The administrative regulation of the markets has assumed, at least since the mid-nineties, an extraordinary importance in relation to the emergence of processes of liberalization of different sectors and the birth of the independent authorities assigned to them. These processes have given rise to highly articulated national and European legislation, a very rich regulatory practice and a particularly interesting European and national jurisprudence. The course will analyze the main institutions in which the European and national market discipline is articulated today, considering in particular the regulation relating to financial markets (banks, securities markets and insurance) and that relating to services of general economic interest (electronic communications, energy, transport, water, postal services and local public services). Antitrust and consumer protection law will also be specifically considered. The juridical problems that emerged in practice and jurisprudence will be examined, which primarily concern the relationship between regulation and the principle of legality, the concrete independence of the authorities from regulated companies and political bodies, the relationship between regulatory authorities and antitrust authorities, and the judicial review of their acts.

- Theories of public international law and introduction to the international legal order; historical evolution and current trends - Subjects of international law; in particular, States, international organizations, individuals and new subjects of international relations - Sources of international law: customary law, treaties, general principles - Sovereignty and territory; immunity; basic principles of international law - The relationship between international law and domestic legal orders (the Italian one in particular) - The violation of international obligations; elements of internationally wrongful acts and reactions of the International Community - The prohibition of the use of force and the collective security system of the United Nations - Peaceful settlements of international disputes

- Theories of public international law and introduction to the international legal order; historical evolution and current trends - Subjects of international law; in particular, States, international organizations, individuals and new subjects of international relations - Sources of international law: customary law, treaties, general principles - Sovereignty and territory; immunity; basic principles of international law - The relationship between international law and domestic legal orders (the Italian one in particular) - The violation of international obligations; elements of internationally wrongful acts and reactions of the International Community - The prohibition of the use of force and the collective security system of the United Nations - Peaceful settlements of international disputes

The course is divided in two parts. In the first one, we analyze the organization and the istitutes of the Canon Law: Theology and Law; Divine Law and Human Law; Historical sources; Code of Canon Law; Laymen and Hierarchy; Sacraments (in particular, Marriage); Temporal goods; Criminal canon law; Canonical trials and the marriage canonical process. In the second part of the course, as a single-subject part of course, this year it will be analyzed the field of the Church and State relationships. In particular, our attention it will be for the origin of the ius publicum ecclesiasticum and its evolution untill the Second Vatican Council: a very important moment for the composition of the present relations between Church and political communities.

The Course focuses on: ( general session): overview of the general legal system, the legal concept of “environment”, the basis of the environmental law, the role of the Court of Justice’s case laws, the environmental role of the Constitutional Court, the European principles on the matter, the relevant individual cases, the legislative and administrative authorities ( State, Regions, Local Councils), the proceeds, hints at the concept of civil, penal and environmental responsibility, the responsibility for environmental damage on a National and European level, penal right and environment. (Part two): analysis of some specific field disciplines (e.g. waste disposal, land reclamation, water and air decontamination) and of the European and national case laws developed in the above-mentioned areas.

The course consists of two parts: Public Law and Private Law. Public Law: 1. The sources of banking and financial law 2. The activity of banking 3. Financial activities 4. Supervising bodies 5. The various types of banks 6. The bank crisis 7. The rules governing the securities market Private Law: 1. The regulation of customer relations 2. Movement of receivables, securitization, factoring and forfeiting 3. Bank collection contracts (bonds, certificates of deposit, bank deposits, subordinated loans and/or perpetual.) 4. Credit bank contracts (loan, credit facility, banking anticipation, discount, repo, securities lending, mortgage credit, agricultural credit.) 5. Project financing and customary exceptions to the rules of civil law regarding contracting agreements 6. Active guarantees (financial guarantee contracts, surety, lien, revolving pledge, letter of patronage, keepwell agreement.) and liabilities (performance bond, bid bond, advance payment bond.) 7. Documentary credits 8. Derivative financial instrument 9. Debt security 10. Investement services

1. Intellectual property law: notions. Genesis and sources. 2. Promotion of culture (copyright). 3. Trade promotion and distinguishing marks: brand, firm, sign. 4. Promotion of research, technological development and intellectual creations (invention and patent). 5. Drawings and models. 6. Unfair competition and advertising. 7. Competition law: notions. Genesis and sources. 8. The authorities for the supervision of the competition and the market. 9. Control procedures and sanctions

The program aims at reflecting on issues related to multiethnic and multi - religious societies in a prospect of education to citizenship. This goal is full tune with what the Council of Europe called for in the "Vivre Report" ensemble. Conjuguer diversité et liberté d'Europe du XXI siècle "of 2011, both with the European Parliament and with the Resolution on the role of intercultural dialogue, cultural diversity and education in the promotion of fundamental values of the Union adopted on 19 January 2016. These documents have acknowledged the importance of training in order to educate new generations to live together in equality and dignity, underlining that true intercultural dialogue and interfaith favor positive interactions and cooperation by allowing better understanding and respect among cultures, thus strengthening, both the democratic pact and the sensitivity towards universal values and specific cultures. For this reason, the concept elaborated by the case law of the Strasbourg Court and the Council of Europe will be used as a key word for "living together", reflecting on how today is possible to allow peaceful coexistence in multiethnic and multireligious societies. By doing so students will reflect on the difficulties of living together In regard with: i) the dialectic between freedom of expression and religious freedom; ii) the use of ethnic / religious symbols in public and institutional space; iii) the relationship between security law and religious freedom; the circulation of models of personal status of religious matrix in legal statual systems; iv) the evolution of relations policies between states, the EU and the Council of Europe and religious organizations; (v) policies on religious freedom and conscience at national level.

The course will focus on the development of some Far East Asian Legal Systems from ancient to present times. The first subject to be introduced will be the problem of the translation of western legal words and concepts in traditional and modern Asian languages. Chinese and Japanese traditional and imperial law will be explained with the analysis and description of imperial codes. Asian legal systems will be studied taking in account the main institutional and cultural transformations of these Countries also in the light of Law and Economics approach. The analysis of economic transition effects on legal environment will complete this course, including also some critical approach to Law and Development movement and its influence in legal reform processes in Far East Asia Nations.

The conditions of the failure: the quality of business entrepreneur (purchase and loss) and exemption from bankruptcy for the object of the business and enterprise size; insolvency and extent of the obligations; the failure of the company. The opening of bankruptcy proceedings: the entitlement to seek bankruptcy, competence, jurisdiction, the investigation and pre-bankruptcy proceedings and the decision. The liens and dismissal of bankruptcy. The bankruptcy estate: the competition execution and the administration of the bankruptcy estate for liquidating (in particular temporary operation and business rental); bodies involved in the failure (bankruptcy court, Chief Judge, creditors 'meeting, creditors' committee and curator); competence and ritual in bankruptcy litigation (special rite of the assessment of liabilities and of real and personal rights of others). The debtor's assets: property and rights (of unavailability constraint, the ineffectiveness of the acts committed by the bankrupt and formalities performed after the failure, the replacement of the receiver in the procedural relationships and supervening, with assets not included in the bankruptcy and personal effects); contractual relationships; different provisions on the takeover and on the dissolution in certain contracts. The reintegration of the collateral: the action to set aside the ordinary rules of insolvency and discipline. The liquidation, the breakdown of assets, the termination of the bankruptcy proceedings and the bankruptcy agreement. The negotiated adjustment of the crisis: the debt restructuring agreements, the recovery plans and the courts. The arrangement by the 1942 law to the 2015 mini-reform: the conditions for access; the application for composition; the anticipation of the effects of the application for composition; the plan in the scenario continuing business and the sale of assets; the division into classes of creditors; admission to the agreement, the effects and the ongoing contracts; the revocation of the admission, the exequatur and the approval of the arrangement. Administrative insolvency proceedings: the compulsory liquidation and administration of large insolvent firms. The reform prospects in the design scheme of the enabling act elaborated by the Ministerial Commission scheme established by the Ministry of Justice by Decree of 28 January 2015 (and subsequent amendments).

The teaching will follow, in chronological progression , the developments of Ius Commune from the Middle Ages up to 1838, with particular attention to the Italian reality. Any seminars will be communicated at the beginning of the course .

Theoretical models of market discipline. The historical evolution of those models: the regulatory State and the new industrial policy. Different tipes of regulation. Regulation and competition. Economical general interest services, liberalization and pro-competitive regulation. Protection of the users and of the system security and universal service. Competition law, State aids, public contracts. Freedom of movement.

The European labor law: birth and sources. The employment policy of the European Community: the discipline of the free movement of workers employed. Individual labor relations: non-standard employment; the prohibition of discrimination in the workplace; the protection of working conditions (improvement of the working environment, working mothers, the work of minors, working hours). Restructuring, corporate crisis and rights of the employers. The rights to information and participation of workers in company management. Collective relations. Collective bargaining: the representation of the European social partners; the European collective agreement in the system of sources, collective bargaining and Member States' transposition of the directives. In order to enrich the educational offer of the course also giving the right space at the professional dimension, it will be provided the testimony of a person applying the law (lawyer, judge, notary or company lawyer) who will explain in practical terms what it means today to be applying the law.

The course explores the themes of Sport Law related to European legislation with regard to the transfer of athletes, State aids, conformity to the basics of free competition. In reference to Criminal Law it will be emphasized the issue of sport justifications; with regard to the Civil Law will face to the issues of responsability of football clubs. Particular attention will be given about DASPO and hooliganism. The last section of the course will be devoted to Sport Justice

Described by some scholars as the "year zero" of labor law, the last decade has seen the succession of a series of regulatory measures and events that have significantly changed the labor law. The course aims to deepen, with a focus on economic and political aspects, the changes introduced with the reform Fornero, Letta and Renzi, the cd. "If Fiat" and the last inter-confederation agreements. In order to enrich the educational offer of the course also giving the right space at the professional dimension, it will be provided the testimony of a person applying the law (lawyer, judge, notary or company lawyer) who will explain in practical terms what it means today to be applying the law.

Individual perception, human senses and memory Rationality and cognitive biases Learning and routines Consumer behaviour Behavioural Law and Economics and Nudge

Introduction A short view on pre-classical economics: classical philosophy, Scholastics, Mercantilism e Physiocracy Classical Economics and Marx: Adam Smith and David Ricardo Jean-Baptiste Say and Thomas Malthus John Stuart Mill Karl Marx Classical History of Economic Thought: William Stanley Jevons, Carl Menger and Léon Walras Vilfredo Pareto, Lionel Robbins Alfred Marshall and neoclassical economics Alfred Marshall e the method of economics Piero Sraffa Joan Robinson Edward Chamberlin Joseph Schumpeter John Maynard Keynes Heterodox Economic Thought Behavioural economics and cognitive economics: Herbert Simon and Friedrich von Hayek Arrow-Debreu Neoclassical Synthesis The Chicago School Last Developments of Economic Thought Texts Analysis of Main Economists Works

1. The study of the law of constitutional justice 2. History and geography of constitutional justice 3. The constituitional judge and the organisation of a Constitutional Court 4. Inconstitutionality of laws: objects and parameters of control 5. Proceedings of incidental and direct demands of review 6. Typology and effects of decisions 7. Constitutional conflicts among territories and powers 8. Jurisdiction on referenda and impeachments 9. Constitutional justice within the European Union 10. Constitutional judges and international judges

contract law in common law systems: formation, construction and intepretation, damages.

Course lectures, after a general premise on the crisis of the firm and on juridical instuments for the agreed solution of insolvency, will focus mainly on the study and illustration of bankruptcy, of preventive agreement and restructuring agreements (with due attention to decree 155/2017). In particular, the following points will be developed: 1) The subjective and objective pre-supposition for the declaration of bankruptcy, with reference to individual commercial firms and collective commercial firms; 2) Procedure for the declaration of bankruptcy; the declaratory sentence and the means of opposition to it; 3) Proposed organs for the development of bankruptcy procedure; 4) The effects of bankruptcy for the debtor; 5) The effects of bankruptcy for the creditors; 6) The effects of bankruptcy on prejudicial acts to creditors; 7) The effects of bankruptcy on pending juridical relations; 8) Procedure for assessment of deficit; 9) Administration and liquidation of bankruptcy assets; 10) Closing of bankruptcy and bankruptcy agreement.

The first part of course is about the following topics: 1) the beginning of criminal repression; 2) the development of criminal trial and the laws de provocatione; 3) the law of twelve tables; 4) the development of iudicia populi and the quaestiones extraordinariae; 5) the quaestiones perpetuae; 6) Augustus' reforms and the cognitio extra ordinem; 7) the criminal repression in late empire. The second part of course is about the death penalty.

Notion of corporate governance and the historical relationship between the general assembly and the board of directors: Part I: MANAGEMENT - COMPETENCES - APPOINTMENT - PERSONAL REQUIREMENTS - PROHIBITION OF COMPETITION - COMPANIES DIRECTORS - TERMINATION - REPLACEMENT - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING - ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE - DUTIES - REMUNERATION - LEGAL REPRESENTATION - LIABILITY AND BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE - GENERAL DIRECTOR Part II: CONTROL SYSTEMS AND ALTERNATE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS - MEMBER' S RIGHT OF CONTROL - STATUTORY AUDITORS - AUDIT - EXTERNAL CONTROL - INTERNAL SYSTEM CONTROL - “ORGANISMO DI VIGILANZA” - ONE-TIER AND TWO-TIER SYSTEMS Part III: OWNERSHIP, GOVERNANCE AND GROUPS OF COMPANIES - MEMBER'S INTERFERENCE IN THE MANAGEMENT AND THEIR LIABILITY - CLASSES OF SHARES - “PATTI DI FAMIGLIA” - GOVERNANCE AND GROUPS OF COMPANIES

Module of Public Finance 1. INTRODUCTION o The Public Sector: role and definitions o Public expenditures and public revenues o Taxation: definitions and classifications o Tax progressivity 2. PERSONAL INCOME TAXES o Generalities o Outline of the Italian income tax (IRPEF) o Principles behind the Italian income tax o The design of the income tax (types of incomes, individual or household income) 3. CORPORATE TAXES o Generalities o Outline of the Italian corporate tax (IRES) o The link between personal income and corporate taxes o The incidence of the corporation income tax and its effect on efficiency 4. CAPITAL INCOME TAXES o Generalities o The special treatment of capital income o International capital taxation 5. TAXES ON CONSUMPTION o Generalities o General taxes on transactions and value-added taxes o Types of taxable transactions o Taxes on international transactions 6. THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM o Rationale for a role of government in the health care sector o Private health insurances and failures o Public health insurance o A comparison among healthcare systems (US, UK and Italy) 7. THE PENSION SYSTEM o Rationale for a role of government in the pension system o Pay-as-you-go versus funded pension schemes o Effects on savings o Pension systems risks o The Italian pension system and the recent reforms 8. LOCAL TAXES AND EXPENDITURES o Rationale for decentralization o Financing local authorities o Transfers to local authorities in Italy o Redistribution and fiscal federalism 9. THE BUDGETARY PROCESS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE PUBLIC FINANCE o The budget law o The budgetary process in Italy o The Internal Stability Pact

The course concerns: Constitutional adjudication and the general legal theory of the Constitution; the different legal types of constitutional adjudication. The composition and the way of proceeding of the italian Constitutional Court; the status of the constitutional magistrates; the President of the Constitutional Court. The assignments of the Constitutional Court, such as: - the judicial review of legislation: the interlocutory and principal proceedings; the parameter and the object of the constitutional review of legislation; the fault of the legislation; the decisions of the Constitutional Court (nature, types and effects); - the jurisdictional dispute among the State powers and bodies (and among the State and the Regions, as well as among the Regions themselves), regarding their constitutional attributions; - the judicial examination of the admissibility of the abrogative referendum; - the criminal proceeding concerning the Presidential crimes against the Constitution.

The program of Law and Religion shall examine the problems of the multicultural society. Particularly: Introduction In the still young 21st century, Europeans have much to be thankful for. Overall, their lives are freer, healthier, safer, richer, more peaceful and likely to be longer than those of their forebears in earlier centuries – and, alas, those of their contemporaries in many other parts of the world. They have eschewed many inhumane practices of times past, including the death penalty, and have accepted a degree of responsibility for each other’s welfare in times of misfortune. Not only in the 27 member states of the European Union (EU), but in all 47 member states of the Council of Europe, the rights and freedoms – though still too often violated and neglected – are anchored in the European Convention on Human Rights and supported by the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. Rising intolerance. Will be any considerations about the phenomenon that causes us greatest alarm, and seems to us to be manifested in the hostile and discriminatory treatment to which minority groups, including national and religious minorities, are also victims of various forms of discrimination throughout Europe, but we note particularly the spread of intolerance and hostility against the following groups. Discrimination. Will be examineted the problems about the prejudice against immigrants, people of recent migrant origin. Discrimination appears to be especially widespread, and to have very harmful effects, in the following areas: employment; housing; education; healthcare and social services; and the actions of the police and law courts. Parallel societies. In the course will be examined still the problem about The emergence of parallel societies. This problem has several dangerous consequences. First, social and economic deprivation can lead to unrest, which is not necessarily related to cultural or religious grievances. Second, members of the new, better educated middle class, growing up in a closed society within an open one, become increasingly indignant at the lack of upward social mobility, and may suffer from a kind of “cultural schizophrenia”. Members of this group are prone to radicalisation. Third, due to their closed nature, parallel societies often provide cover for criminal activities, and in some cases for terrorist network. Islamic extremism. Will be doing some considerations about the Islamic extremisn. Although Islam has existed in Europe for many years, the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States, as well as subsequent similarly dramatic attacks in Europe (notably those in Madrid, March 2004; London, July 2005; and a whole series of attacks in Moscow, most recently at Domodedovo airport in February 2011), have given rise to the perception that terrorism is a feature of Islam as such. It is sometimes even claimed that “not all Muslims are terrorists, but nearly all terrorists are Muslims”. Loss of democratic freedoms. Tormented by the twin fear of being “swamped” by an uncontrolled influx of immigrants and/or massacred by Islamic terrorists, Europeans look to the state to protect them, and political leaders fear they have little chance of re-election if they are seen to fail on either front. States are thus under constant pressure to tighten controls on immigration and to keep potential or suspected terrorists under very close observation. Too often, it is assumed that there is a direct trade-off between security and civil liberties, and governments feel obliged to restrict the latter in the hope of guaranteeing the former. Yet the trade-off is highly questionable: civil liberties are the essential prerequisite of democracy, and the citizen’s freedom to live as he or she chooses is the essence of what security is there to protect. And although the majority may at times need to be protected from the designs of a small and violent minority, unless members of minorities also feel free and secure the number of those willing to resort to violence is likely to grow. Therefore we believe that the overreaction of the state and the imposition of excessive controls do indeed represent a serious risk to the health and strength of our European democracies. Clash between "religious freedom" and freedom of expression. There is thus a danger that a fundamental freedom, that of expression, may come to be eroded through the anxiety of some European elites to avoid further alienating an important minority, or through the fear of provoking acts of violence. The alleged conflict between freedom of expression and freedom of religion, and the lack of consensus about how and exactly where the frontiers of freedom of expression should be drawn, do therefore pose a threat to some of Europe’s most cherished values.

1) Historical evolution of Italian regionalism, focusing on the revision of 2001 of the Constitution. 2) Regional constitutions ("statuti") and principles, focusing on Lombardy. 3) The regional system and organs of government, particularly in Lombardy. 4) Regional laws and regulations, focusing on Lombardy. 5) The links between the Regions and the State and between the different Regions. 6) The foreign power of the Regions and the relevant choices of Lombardy. 7) The constitutional litigation between Lombardy and the State or the other Regions

General introduction. Trademarks and other distinctive sings protection. Copyright and related rights. Patents and unfair competition.

In the era of post-truth and hate speech as a means of self-affirmation, logic and argumentation theory offer a valuable instrument of self-defense and enrichment: self-defense against more or less subtle manipulations, but also against some of the systematic errors that we tend to perform when, under the pressure of time limits, we "jump to conclusions"; enrichment as a capacity to articulate complex reasoning. Furthermore, the theory of argumentation teaches the justification of their theses and the comparison with those of others, and in this way fosters dialogue with interlocutors who start from initial positions very different from ours. It is therefore a valid help for democratic confrontation. During the course a "toolbox" will be provided which will start with the basic notions of classical logic. We will then move on to an introduction to the argumentation theory and to the analysis of the most common errors. It will also be given the opportunity to reflect, on an informal basis, on the reasoning based on the causal link and on those based on probability. Just think of the difficult reconstruction of the causes of the collapse of the Genoa bridge: discovering the causes is necessary, even if not sufficient, to identify legal responsibilities. Working on imaginary and real examples, the meetings will be widely interactive and students will be asked to participate in the identification of the fundamental criteria for the nailing bad arguments.

The course intends to deepen the "radical issues" of law, and of constitutional law in particular: what is the law? What is the relationship between law and society? When, why and how is society organized in a state? What is a Constitution? What is its function? The deepening is through the study of theories and dichotomies that structure and pass through the history of constitutional thinking. A) Theories and dichotomies: 1) holism vs. individualism; 2) natural law vs. positivism; 3) neo-constitutionalism vs. neo-positivism; 4) normative theories vs. prudential theories of interpretation B) History of Constitutional Thinking 1) Ancient constitutionalism: the "politeia" of the Greeks and the "res publica constituted of the Romans" (Cicero); 2) the eclipse of the idea of constitution in the Middle Ages at the birth of the State; 3) the constitution in the modern sense at the end of the great eighteenth-century revolutions 4); constitutional thought of the nineteenth century; 5) Constitutional thought of the twentieth century and contemporary constitutionalism. A lesson will be devoted to: "first elements of scientific research and drafting of a scientific text."

The course is devoted to the theoretical and practical study of: (1) the notion of personhood and legal subjectivity; (2) the modern divergence between “subject” and “object”; (3) the theoretical notion of thing (and its taxonomy); (4) critical perspectives about the extension of property; (5) the analysis of hybrid situations (the unborn, the human-body, animals, nature, future generations). The moot court competition (24 hours) is a seminar activity divided in two stages: in the first part the participants (in groups) will have to prepare a written statement of the arguments in their capacity as plaintiff or defendant. In the second part (the adversarial one), the teams will face off exposing their comments orally. At the end of the qualifying rounds, semi-finals and a final, a Board of Judges will announce the winning team. For non-attending students the course is devoted to the theoretical and practical study of three areas in the field of property law: the law of things (general theory and its boundaries), property (historical-dogmatic approach) and commons theory. . In each of these subjects the program refers constantly on the most important theoretical implications in the context of history, economics and anthropology. The training will stimulate the use of interdisciplinary methodological tools in order to furnish students with non-traditional resources to understand the socio-legal phenomena concerning the man-thing relationship.

Module C The crimes against the person, against property, against the family and against the administration of justice

Subject of the course will be the right of association and the right of employment relationships and, in particular: - To the right of association: the historical evolution of the Right Italian; the trade union organization; Freedom of Association; representation and trade union representation; corporate union representation (in the private sector and in the public sector) and trade union rights in the workplace; the collective agreement (models, structure, effectiveness, mandatory nature); the relationship between collective agreements and between collective bargaining and the law; collective bargaining in the civil service "privatized"; the collective dispute (the right to strike in its general outlines legal -nature, ownership, boundaries - and other forms of industrial action); the strike in essential public services; lockout; the repression of the anti-union behavior; - To the right of the employment relationship: the sources of labor law; the concepts of subordination, autonomy and parasubordination; the organization of the labor market and the establishment of relations; the type of employment contracts (fixed-term contract, parttime, temp work, etc.). the Governing power of the employer (general profiles, the discipline and the tasks of the employee's transfer, the working time management); the power of control and disciplinary power; the protection of health and safety in the workplace; remuneration (constitutional profiles, concept and structure, wage automation); the suspension of the employment relationship; layoffs; of the surplus personnel; the layoffs of discipline. Particular attention is given to developing skills in understanding and drafting of written texts. Students will be asked to rework, even in writing, analysis of case law material and / or doctrinal. Even the interim and final tests are in written form. In order to enrich the educational offer of the course giving the right space at the professional dimension, there is the testimony of a lawyer, a job counselor or a corporate lawyer who will explain in practical terms what it means today to be applying the law. Students are advised to check the detailed schedule of classes posted on DIR for the topics of the individual lectures.

The course is organized into two parts. In the first part, the major sociological explanations of deviance will be examined and the relationship between these sociological explanations and ways in which social control is carried out in practice will also be analyzed. In the second part of the course, the sociological theories will be applied to the study of specific areas of deviance comprising institutions of social control. Examination program for students who have attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma (excluding the third paragraph "Applicazione delle teorie ai casi" of each chapter) A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma. Examination program for students who have not attended lectures Obligatory text: Scarscelli e Vidoni (2008), La devianza. Teorie e politiche di controllo, Carocci, Roma A text of your choice: Scarscelli (2010), Il consumo di droghe, Carocci, Roma; Vianello (2012), Il carcere, Carocci, Roma.

- Statutory sources (Echr, ICCPR, EuChFR, Italian Consitution, Code of Criminal Procedure, other statutes) - Impact of the sources in tailoring the Italian criminal proceeding (a scheme of the proceeding) - The subjects (Judge, Prosecutor, Police, Defendant, Parties civiles, victim, lawyer) - The acts of the proceeding (language, translation, forms, deadlines, notification, invalidity) - In particular: evidence (general principles of evidence law, specific evidence) - Investigation and preliminary hearing (investigations, arrest, evidence anticipation, prosecution, the hearing, personal participation, the endings, the files) - Trial (preliminary acts, evidence, discussion, amendment of charges, decision) - special proceedings (different kind of proceeding, strategy in pleading a special proceeding, recent amendments by act 103/2017 - petty offenses trial - lay magistrate proceeding - Highlights on juvenile proceeding - Highlights on the company regulatory proceeding - Means of appeal (ordinary, extraordinary, final judgment) - Pre-trial detention and other coercive measures - Highlights on the enforcement of the final decision - Highlights on judicial cooperation in criminal matters. Students attending the moot court will not need to prepare: - juvenile proceeding - corporations' regulatory proceeding - judicial cooperation in criminal matters - lay justice procedure - book 8 CCP

This course is intended as an introduction to EU criminal procedure and to the instruments for cooperation in criminal matters in the EU. A section (Section I) will deal with the institutional system and the legal framework of criminal justice in the EU and transnational investigations. Another section (Section II) will deal with Human Rights and Criminal Justice Responses to Terrorism. Emphasis will be placed upon the relevance of EU measures for legal practise, but the necessary theoretical background will be provided.